Mongolia is a land of endless skies, nomadic traditions, and untamed wilderness that captures the imagination of adventurous travelers. From the vast Gobi Desert to the pristine lakes of the north, this complete guide will help you plan an unforgettable journey to one of Asia’s most fascinating destinations.
When to Visit Mongolia
The best time to visit Mongolia depends on what you want to experience:
Summer (June-August) is peak season with warm weather, green landscapes, and the famous Naadam Festival in July. Temperatures range from 15-25°C (59-77°F), perfect for camping and horse trekking. This is when Mongolia comes alive with festivals and outdoor activities.
Autumn (September-October) offers fewer tourists, comfortable temperatures, and the spectacular Eagle Festival. The countryside transforms into golden hues, making it ideal for photography. You’ll also find better deals on accommodation and tours.
Winter (November-February) brings extreme cold (-25 to -40°C) but magical experiences like ice festivals, dog sledding, and visiting reindeer herders. It’s not for everyone, but winter in Mongolia is truly a once-in-a-lifetime experience for those brave enough.
Spring (March-May) has unpredictable weather with occasional sandstorms, but you’ll have attractions mostly to yourself. Prices are lower and you can witness the landscape awakening from winter.
Visa Requirements
Great news for travelers! Citizens from many countries including the UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and most EU nations can visit Mongolia visa-free for up to 30 days. However, visa requirements can change, so always check with the Mongolian embassy or consulate before booking your trip.
If you plan to stay longer than 30 days, you’ll need to register with Mongolian immigration within seven days of arrival.
Getting to Mongolia
International Flights: Most international flights arrive at Chinggis Khaan International Airport in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city. Common routes include connections through Seoul (Korean Air), Beijing (Air China), Istanbul (Turkish Airlines), or Moscow (Aeroflot). Direct flights from Europe and North America are rare, so expect at least one layover.
Overland Entry: You can also enter Mongolia by train or bus from Russia or China. The Trans-Siberian Railway is a popular and scenic option for adventurous travelers.
Getting Around Mongolia
Rental Car with Driver: This is the most popular option for tourists. You get the flexibility of independent travel with the security of having a local driver who knows the terrain. Daily rates range from $80-150 including driver and fuel.
Self-Drive: Possible but challenging. Mongolia has very few paved roads outside major cities. You’ll need a sturdy 4×4 vehicle, good navigation skills, and experience with off-road driving. GPS doesn’t always work in remote areas.
Domestic Flights: MIAT (Mongolian Airlines) operates flights to major destinations like Dalanzadgad (Gobi Desert) and Ulgii (Eagle Festival). This saves time but you’ll miss the journey through stunning landscapes.
Organized Tours: The most convenient option for first-time visitors. Tour operators handle all logistics including transportation, accommodation, meals, and permits. Prices vary widely from budget group tours to luxury private expeditions.
Budget Planning
Mongolia can be surprisingly affordable if you plan smart:
Budget Travelers ($30-50 per day): Stay in hostels, eat at local restaurants, use public transportation or join budget group tours. This works best if you’re spending time in Ulaanbaatar or can join other travelers to share costs.
Mid-Range Travelers ($80-150 per day): Stay in comfortable ger camps, join small group tours, eat at decent restaurants, and enjoy some activities. This is the sweet spot for most visitors wanting comfort without breaking the bank.
Luxury Travelers ($200+ per day): Private tours with expert guides, stays at premium lodges like Three Camel Lodge, gourmet meals, and exclusive experiences. Mongolia has surprisingly good luxury options in popular areas.
